1. What are “Who” and “Whom”?

• “Who” and “whom” are relative pronouns used to refer to people. They help connect a clause to a noun or pronoun, providing additional information.

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2. When to Use “Who”

• “Who” is used as the subject of a relative clause. It refers to the person doing the action.

Examples:

• The teacher who is teaching us is very knowledgeable.
• (Here, “who” refers to “the teacher,” the subject of the clause.)
• The artist who painted this picture is famous.
• (In this case, “who” refers to “the artist,” who is performing the action of painting.)

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3. When to Use “Whom”

• “Whom” is used as the object of a relative clause. It refers to the person receiving the action or being affected by it.
• Note: “Whom” is more formal and often used in writing.

Examples:

• The woman whom I met yesterday is my neighbor.
• (Here, “whom” refers to “the woman,” who is the object of the verb “met.”)
• I have a friend whom you should meet.
• (In this case, “whom” is the object of the verb “meet.”)

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4. Simplified Rule to Remember

• Use “who” when you can replace it with he or she.
• Use “whom” when you can replace it with him or her.

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5. Examples to Illustrate the Difference

• Who:
• The doctor who helped me was very kind.
• (Replace “who” with “he”: The doctor was kind.)
• Whom:
• The doctor whom I thanked is on vacation.
• (Replace “whom” with “him”: I thanked the doctor.)

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6. Key Points to Remember

• “Who” is used for subjects; “whom” is used for objects.
• While “whom” is correct in formal writing, many people use “who” in everyday conversation.

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Let’s practice!🖋️