Evaporation And Condensation

key notes :

Evaporation

Definition:

• Evaporation is the process where liquid water turns into water vapor (gas) due to heat.

Examples:

• Drying of clothes in the sun.
• Puddles disappearing after rain.

Factors Affecting Evaporation:

• Temperature: Higher temperature increases evaporation.
• Surface Area: Larger surface area speeds up evaporation.
• Wind: Moving air helps water evaporate faster.

Everyday Importance:

• Cooling effects (e.g., sweating helps cool our bodies).
• Drying of wet surfaces.

Condensation

Definition:

• Condensation is the process where water vapor cools down and changes back into liquid form.

Examples:

• Water droplets forming on a cold glass.
• Dew on grass in the morning.
• Clouds forming in the sky.

Conditions for Condensation:

• Occurs when warm air carrying water vapor cools down.
• Cooler temperatures help in condensation.

Everyday Importance:

• Formation of rain and dew.
• Foggy mirrors after a hot shower.

The Water Cycle Connection:

Evaporation and condensation are key steps in the water cycle:

• Water evaporates from oceans, rivers, and lakes.
• Condenses into clouds and later falls as precipitation (rain, snow).

Experiments to Learn:

• Evaporation: Leave a wet cloth in the sun and observe how it dries.

• Condensation: Place a cold glass of water in a warm room and see water droplets form on its surface.

Interesting Facts:

• Without evaporation and condensation, there would be no clouds or rain.
• Water vapor is invisible; what we see as steam is tiny water droplets formed by condensation.

Let’s practice!