The States Of Matter

key notes :

What is Matter?

• Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
• Examples: Water, air, rocks, and your body are all types of matter.

Three States of Matter:

Solid: Has a fixed shape and volume.

• Example: Ice, rocks, or a chair.

Liquid: Has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container.

• Example: Water, milk, or juice.

Gas: Has no fixed shape or volume and spreads to fill the container.

• Example: Air, steam, or helium.

Properties of States of Matter:

• Solids are hard and cannot be easily compressed.
• Liquids flow and can be poured.
• Gases are invisible and spread out freely.

Changes in States of Matter:

• Melting: Solids turn into liquids (e.g., ice melting into water).

• Freezing: Liquids turn into solids (e.g., water freezing into ice).

• Evaporation: Liquids turn into gases (e.g., water turning into steam).

• Condensation: Gases turn into liquids (e.g., steam cooling to water).

Importance of States of Matter:

• Solids are used to make buildings and tools.
• Liquids are essential for drinking and cooking.
• Gases are important for breathing and inflating balloons.

Fun Facts:

• Water is the only substance that naturally exists in all three states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam).
• The state of matter can change with temperature and pressure.

Activities to Understand States of Matter:

• Observe melting ice.
• Boil water to see steam (gas) form.
• Cool steam on a lid to see condensation.

Let’s practice!