Force

key notes :

Definition of Force

• A force is a push or a pull that can make an object move, stop, or change direction.

Types of Forces

• Contact Force: When an object is pushed or pulled through direct contact (e.g., kicking a ball).
• Non-Contact Force: When an object moves without direct contact (e.g., gravity pulling an apple down).

Effects of Force

• Force can change the speed of an object (make it faster or slower).
• Force can change the direction of an object.
• Force can change the shape of an object (e.g., squeezing clay).

Examples of Force in Daily Life

• Pushing a door to open it.
• Pulling a drawer to close it.
• Lifting a book from the table.
• Gravity pulling us towards the ground.

Measuring Force

• Force is measured in units called Newtons (N).

Balanced and Unbalanced Forces

• Balanced Forces: When forces on an object are equal, there is no change in motion (e.g., a book resting on a table).
• Unbalanced Forces: When forces are unequal, they cause an object to move (e.g., pushing a toy car).

Gravity as a Force

• Gravity is a force that pulls objects towards the Earth.
• It is why things fall down when dropped.

Friction

• Friction is a force that slows down or stops moving objects when they rub against another surface.
• Examples include stopping a bike using brakes or rubbing hands together to create warmth.

Magnetic Force

• Magnets can push (repel) or pull (attract) objects made of iron or steel.

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